Unfortunately, some of these new approaches have met with mixed results. Furthermore, no clear metrics are available to determine whether these designs are more successful than previous

strategies. This review examines the evolution of phase I trials and draws upon several examples of strategies that have been successful as well as those that have not, and outlines a pragmatic approach to phase I trials as our understanding of the molecular biology of individual malignancies emerges.
利用局部和全身两种不同的治疗途径,科学家宣称他们在肺癌和黑色素瘤的治疗上取得了积极的进展。治疗上的一大进步针对进展期肺癌某些异常的基因,通过靶向治疗,大部分患者肿瘤明显缩小。尽管临床试验在82例患者的小范围内进行,而且也无对照组,但试验结果却有显著的临床价值。相关报告近期在
2010年ASCO会议上,关于非小细胞肺癌的研究精彩纷呈,将影响今后NSCLC的临床实践及研究方向,全文就晚期NSCLC的有关治疗进展作一综述。
传统的化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌已经到了一个平台期,靶向药物为突破这一”瓶颈”提供了行之有效的解决方案。文中系统回顾了近年来的大型随机临床研究,提供目前靶向药物在晚期非小细胞肺癌中的应用规范,并提出靶向治疗中存在的问题及可能解决的方法。
1文献来源研究一:Takeuchi

Selleck CP673451 K,Choi YL,Soda M,et al.Multiplex MK8776 reverse transcription-PCR screening for EML4-ALK fusion transcripts[J].Clin Cancer Res,2008,14(20):6618-6624.
非小细胞肺癌切除后辅助化疗问题一直存在争议。已证明Ⅱ-Ⅲa期可从辅助化疗中获益,Ⅰb期可口服辅助化疗获益。尽管新药物的出现有力地提高了辅助化疗的疗效,但患者依从程度的提高有待于给药方案的改进。肿瘤分子标志物和酪氨酸激酶抑制药是今后提高术后辅助化疗疗效的研究方向。

上海抗肿瘤药专利创收四亿元我国自主知识产权生物医药专利向世界证明了自身价值。2010年8月26日,中科院上海生科院知识产权与技术转移中心宣布,将一项蛋白抗肿瘤药物专利授权给跨国制药集团赛诺菲-安万特公司,合同金额超过4亿元,并外加日后销售额提成。业内认为,此项专利作价之高,在国内科研领域堪称罕见。上海生科院生化与细胞所的这一成果,被国际肿瘤生物学权威杂志《癌细胞》以11页篇幅报道,并随刊配发了由两位美国科学家撰写的2页评论,称中国科学家所做工作乃”肿瘤新生血管形成研究‘必读’”。
MTH1酶属于Nudix水解酶,具有清理细胞核苷酸池内氧化嘌呤核苷酸,防止核酸氧化损伤的功能。多项研究表明MTH1酶在神经退行性疾病、抗衰老等,尤其是抗肿瘤方面发挥关键作用,有望成为抗肿瘤药物的新靶标。近年国内外有关MTH1酶抑制剂的研究也逐渐增多,该文概述了MTH1酶的转录和翻译、结构特点、催化机制、应用等各方面信息,特别是对其各类抑制剂的研究现状进行了较为全面的综述。
Pancreatic

cancer is an extremely aggressive disease; although progress has been made in the last few years, the prognosis of these patients remains dismal. FOLFIRINOX is now considered a standard treatment in first-line setting, since it demonstrated an improved overall and progression-free survival vs gemcitabine alone. However, the enthusiasm over the benefit of this three-drug regimen is tempered by the associated increased toxicity profile, and many efforts have been made to improve the feasibility G007 LK of this schedule. After a more recent phase Ⅲ trial showing an improved outcome over gemcitabine, the combination of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel emerged as another standard first-line treatment. However, this treatment is also associated with more side effects. In addition, despite initial promising data on the predictive role of SPARClevels, recent studies showed that these levels are not associated with nab-paclitaxel efficacy. The choice to use this treatment over FOLFIRINOX is therefore a topic of debate, also because no validated biomarkers to guide FOLFIRINOX treatment are available.